Verbs: Regular and Irregular

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Lesson 364

'A verb is a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence. Verbs in English have four basic forms'^~^'typefacestyle'

Base form	–ing form	Past Tense	Past Participle
Work	Working	Worked	Worked
Play	Playing	Played	Played
Listen	Listening	Listened	Listened

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A verb can express:
i) A physical action (e.g., to swim, to write, to climb).
E.g. The doctor 'wrote' the prescription.

ii) A mental action (e.g., to think, to guess, to consider).
E.g. Mary 'guessed' the right number.

iii) A state of being (e.g., to be, to exist, to appear).
E.g. It 'was' a joke.

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Regular and Irregular Verbs

Regular verbs – Most verbs are regular verbs. Regular verbs are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a '–d' or an '–ed' to the end of the verb. Here's how past participle of regular verbs is formed.

i) If the verb ends with 'a vowel', only 'd' is added.
E.g.
a) Share – Shared, has shared
b) Scare – Scared, has scared
c) Dare – Dared, has dared.

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ii) If a regular verb ends with 'a consonant', 'ed' is added.

E.g.
a) Want – Wanted
b) Shout – Shouted
c) Kill – Killed

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English verbs have five basic forms:
i) The base form(or root),
ii) 3rd person singular or –s form,
iii) –ing form (Present participle),
iv) Past form,
v) Past participle form.

This lesson will focus on the present, past and past participle forms.

The root form is usually the easiest form to figure out. It’s the infinitive form with to removed:
To see – see
To be – be
To wear – wear
To go – go
To be – be

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Look at these examples:

i) Last night I 'chose' what to have for dinner; today you 'choose' the cuisine.
'Chose' is the past simple tense of 'choose'.

ii) The pond is starting to 'freeze'. Do you remember when it 'froze' last year?
'Freeze' is the simple tense form of the verb. Froze is the past simple tense.

iii) He has hidden my key somewhere and I can't find it. Did he tell you where he hid it? I'm going to tell him not to hide my things; it's not funny!
Hide is the present tense, hid is the past simple and hidden is the past participle form of the verb.

Strictly speaking, in English, only two tenses are marked in the verb alone, present (as in \'he sings\') and past (as in \'he sang\').

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a) When to use the simple past tense
We use the simple past tense for actions that began and finished in the past. We do not have to say exactly when. The important thing is that it happened and is not happening now.
E.g. I ate it.

b) When to use the past participle:
The past participle is used with the following tenses:
i) Present Perfect: I have seen it.
ii) Past Perfect: I had seen it.
iii) Future Perfect: I will have seen it.
iv) 3rd Conditional: I would have seen it.
v) Passives: It was seen.

Pick the correct option:

我是胡ngry. I haven't ______

eat

ate

Arrange the jumbled words

is
was
New York yesterday
Thomas
in
has been

Pick the correct option:

We ______

beat

beated

beaten

Pick the correct option:

Hollywood ______

bid

bidded

Pick the correct option:

A consortium of dealers ______

bid or bade

bid (but not bade)

bidded

Pick the correct option:

I haven't ______

begun

beginned

began

beganned

Pick the correct option:

I wouldn't have ______

guessed

guessen

guess

guessened

Pick the correct option:

Your buggy product ______

cost

costed

Pick the correct option:

An insect ______

crept

creeped

Pick the correct option:

She ______

cloth

clothed

clothe

Pick the correct option:

I have ______

had

have

haved

Pick the correct option:

The raiders ______

fed

feded

feeded

Pick the correct option:

They ______

forbade

forbidded

forbidden

Pick the correct option:

She had ______

run

ran

Pick the correct option:

A strong wind ______

醒来

wake

waked

醒来n

Pick the correct option:

Have you ______

抓住了

catched

Pick the correct option:

How many pieces have you ______

cut

cutted

cutten

Pick the correct option:

Have you ever ______

gone

went

goned

Pick the correct option:

She ______

put

putted

putten

Arrange the jumble words.

lost
my watch yesterday
I
loose
loosed
losed

Pick the correct option:

He was ______

killed

kill

Pick the correct option:

He has ______

written

wrote

write

wrotten

Pick the correct option:

Yesterday, they ______

cleaned

cleant

cleand

cleanded

Pick the correct option:

The Mississippi River, which is the chief river of the United States, ______

flows

flew

flowed

Pick the correct option:

Do you know that Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, ______

是领导

headed

head

Pick the correct option:

Amelia Earhart was the first woman ______

to fly

flew

flying

Pick the correct option:

My sister ______

bought

brought

buyed

Pick the correct option:

We need to support leaders around the world who do not speak for the big polluters, but for the billions of underprivileged people out there who would be ______

most affected

most effected

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Lesson363

Order of Adjectives: Part 2

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Lesson365

Main Verbs

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